WHIP MAINTANENCE

The idea of electric arc welding was proposed in the early nineteenth century English scientist Humphrey Davy in 1885 but two Russian researchers were able to weld with carbon electrodes.

Four years later he patented a process of welding metal rod. However, this procedure did not take importance in the industrial area until the Swede Oscar Kjellberg discovered in 1904, the coated electrode. Its widespread use began around the 1950s.

* 1 Foundations
or 1.1 Elements
* 2 Functions of the coatings
or 2.1 electrical function of the coating
2.2 Role and metal coatings
* 3 Types of Welding
or 3.1 manual arc welding with covered electrodes
or 3.2 non-consumable electrode welding protected
or 3.3 consumable electrode welding protected
or 3.4 Submerged arc welding
* 4 Security
o 4.1 General recommendations on arc welding
o 4.2 Personal Protective Equipment

Basics

The welding system with coated electrode is characterized by the creation and maintenance of an electric arc between a metal rod called electrode and the workpiece. The coated electrode is made of a metal rod to which is given the name soul or core, generally cylindrical, covered with a coating of nonmetallic substances, whose chemical composition can be varied, depending on the characteristics that are required in use. The coating may be basic, rutile and cellulosic. To perform an arc welding induces a potential difference between electrode and workpiece, which ionizes the air between them and becomes a conductor, so that closes the circuit. The heat of the arc melts the base material partially melts and the filler material, which is deposited and creates the weld.

Electric arc welding is commonly used because of the ease of transportation and the economy of this process.
[Edit] Elements
Scheme.

* Plasma: It is composed of electrons that carry current to and going from negative to positive metal ions ranging from positive to negative, gaseous atoms are ionized and stabilized as they lose or gain electrons, and products fusion such as vapors that help form a protective atmosphere. This area reaches the highest temperature of the process.

* Calls: The area surrounding the plasma and has a lower temperature than the latter, formed by atoms dissociate and recombine releasing heat by burning the lining of the electrode. Gives the arc its conical shape.

* Melting Bath: arc heating action causes the melting point, where some of it is mixed with filler material of the electrode, causing the welding of the parts once solidified.

* Crater: Groove produced by heating the metal. Its shape and depth will come given by the power of penetration of the electrode.

* Weld: It consists of the base metal and filler material of the electrode and can be differentiated into two parts: the slag, composed of impurities that are segregated during solidification and subsequently are eliminated, and the envelope thickness, consisting the useful part of the filler material and base metal part, which is what makes up the weld itself.

* Electrode: metal rods are prepared to serve as a pole of the circuit, at its end is generated arc. In some cases, also serve as flux material. The metal rod is often covered by a combination of materials that vary from one electrode to another. The coating on the electrodes have different functions, they can be summarized as follows: or electrical function of the coating or physical function of slag or function of the coating metal.